How to Set Up a Home Wi-Fi Router Securely

Your Wi-Fi router is the gateway between your home and the internet. Most routers work out of the box, but the default settings are not always secure. A few changes at setup keep your network private and fast. The steps below apply to most home routers, including those supplied by internet providers.

Place the router well

Put the router in a central, open place, away from thick walls, metal objects and microwave ovens. Raise it off the floor if possible. Keep it out of cupboards, because they block the signal.

Change the admin password

Routers come with a default admin password printed on the label. Change it to a strong, unique password. Keep it in your password manager. This is different from the Wi-Fi password, and it protects the router's settings.

Set a strong Wi-Fi password

Choose a long passphrase for your Wi-Fi network. Use WPA3 if your router and devices support it, or WPA2-AES otherwise. Avoid WEP and open networks.

Name the network

Change the network name (SSID) so it does not show the router brand or your address. Avoid personal names.

Keep firmware updated

Router firmware fixes security flaws. Check the admin page or the manufacturer's app for updates, and turn on automatic updates if available.

Turn off features you do not use

Turn off remote management from the internet unless you need it.
Disable WPS, the quick-connect button, because it can be attacked.
Turn on the router's firewall if it has one.

Create a guest network

If visitors need Wi-Fi, use a guest network. It keeps their devices separate from your computers and smart devices.

Check connected devices

Look at the list of connected devices in the router app or admin page. Remove devices you do not recognise, and change the Wi-Fi password if necessary.

Frequently asked questions

Should I use my provider's router or buy my own?

Either works. Your own router may give better range and features, but you may need to set it up with the provider's modem.

Can I use a mesh system?

Yes, for larger homes. Mesh systems use several units to spread coverage. Follow the same security steps on the main unit.

For speed tips, read how to speed up home Wi-Fi.

Turn on automatic firmware checks

Many routers can check for firmware updates automatically or notify you when one is available. Enable this feature where it exists, and check the admin page every few months if it does not. A router that never updates can remain vulnerable for years after a fix is released.

Limit access to smart devices

Smart plugs, cameras and speakers often need internet access, but they rarely need access to your computers. If your router supports it, place them on a separate network or the guest network. This keeps a weak device from giving an attacker a route to your files.