What to Do When Your Computer Will Not Turn On

A computer that does not turn on can be frightening, but the cause is often simple, such as a loose cable, a flat battery or a dead power socket. Work through the checks below in order, starting with the easiest. Do not open a laptop or desktop unless you are comfortable doing so.

Check the power

Make sure the power cable is firmly connected at both ends, and try another socket.
On a laptop, check the charging light. Try a different charger if you have one that matches the specification.
On a desktop, check that the power supply switch on the back is on.
Hold the power button for 15 seconds, then release it and try again. This resets the power state on many laptops.

Check the display

A computer can start but show nothing on the screen. Check that the monitor is on and connected to the correct port. Try another cable or monitor. Listen for start-up sounds and watch the keyboard lights. Lights and fans that start suggest the computer has power, and the problem may be the display.

Remove peripherals

Unplug all USB devices, printers, external drives and extra monitors. A faulty device can stop the computer from starting. Reconnect devices one at a time after it starts.

Reseat memory and cables on a desktop

If you are comfortable opening the case, turn off the power, unplug the computer and reseat the memory modules firmly. Check that the graphics card power cable is connected. Only do this if you know how to avoid static damage, such as touching the metal case first.

Listen for beeps

Many computers beep in a pattern when hardware is faulty. The pattern is listed in the manufacturer's manual. Note the number of beeps and search for the model's meaning.

Know when to get help

The computer smells burnt, sparks or makes a clicking or grinding noise.
A laptop battery is swollen or hot to the touch.
The computer was damaged by liquid or a drop.

In these cases, switch off the power and take it to a qualified repair service. Do not try to repair it yourself.

Frequently asked questions

Will I lose data if the computer will not start?

The data is usually still on the drive. A repair service or a recovery drive can often access it. Keep a backup of important files so you are protected in the future.

Can a dead battery stop a laptop from starting?

Yes. Plug in the charger and wait a few minutes before pressing the power button. The laptop may need time to show a charging light.

Try a minimal setup

For a desktop, disconnect everything except the power cable, the monitor and the keyboard. Remove extra memory sticks if you have more than one, and try each one alone. A failing part can stop the machine from starting, and reducing the setup to the basics helps you isolate the problem without special tools.

Keep the receipt and warranty details

Before you open the case or send the computer for repair, note the model, serial number and the date of purchase. Warranty repairs often require this information, and a sealed case can void some warranties. If the computer is still covered, let the manufacturer handle the repair.